Shingle



June e. A. FASOLD ETAL 2, 1

SHINGLE Filed Oct. 25, 1944 Patented June 3, 1947 SHINGLE George A.Fasold, Mount Healthy, and Harold W. Greider, Wyoming, Ohio, assignorsto The Philip Carey Manufacturing Company, a corporation of OhioApplication October 25, 1944, Serial No. 560,254

6 Claims.

This invention relates to a novel and improved weather surface coveringand particularly to weather surfacing elements in the form of individualshingles or strips for siding and roofing which are adapted to be laidin overlapping courses to provide a, covering symmetrical in design andhaving the tab portions of shingles in an overlying course locked downand restrained from being lifted in the wind by means of underlyingshingles engaging the tabs. The joints between adjacent surfacingelements of each course are formed by abutting edges of adjacentelements having a line contact, said line contact being preferablyinterrupted by complemental engaging means.

These weather surfacing elements are especially economical inmanufacture, both as to the number of square feet of roofing or sidingmaterial required to cover any desired area and as to the amount ofwaste in cutting elements from a sheet. The elements are also selfaligning and after being nailed to the roof deck are adapted to have aside portion of an underlying shingle engage the tab'portion of anoverlying shingle to lock down the tab portion and secure it againstbeing lifted by the wind, without requiring any additional element forlocking down the tabs.

The present invention aims to provide a. weather surfacing coveringwhich may be expeditiously laid, accurately aligned, and locked down byunskilled workmen, said locking down being effected at the time theelements are laid and with no extra material required for locking downthe tabs, this being obtained by a slot formed in the tab portion of theoverlying shingle.

For a better understanding of the invention, reference may be made tothe accompanying drawings in which: 4

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a section of a roof covering comprisingcourses composed of roofing elements embodying the invention; 7

,Fig. 2 is a plan view of an individual roofing element;

Fig. 3 is a perspective detailed view of a section of overlappingcourses; and

Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are views of another embodiment of the invention.

Referring specifically to the drawings in which like numerals are usedto designate like parts, numeral l designates a roof or siding coveringcomposed of weather surfacing elements 2 which are adapted to be laid inoverlappingcourses to provide a covering of symmetrical decorativedesign. Each of the weath'er surfacing elements is provided with a bodyportion terminating in opposite tab portions 3 and 4, said tab portionsbeing preferably of like design. Intermediateiy of the tab portions,there are provided on opposite sides ears 5 and 6. One marginal sideedge 5' of ear 5 is aligned with a side edge I of the tab 3 and theother side of the ear is formed with an edge 8 which is preferablyparallel with the tab end 9 of tabl. Ear 6 is of the same constructionin relation to the opposite tab 3, having one side edge 6' aligned or ina common line with the side edge I and the other side 8' preferablyparallel with tab end 9.

Accordingly the surface elements are reversible and may be laid witheither tab 3 or 4 exposed to the weather. One of the tabs is providedwith means, hereinafter described, for being engaged by means of one ofthe underlying shingles and thus secured against lifting in the wind.Hence, the shingle may be selectively laid to utilize the lock downfeature or not, as desired.

Those side edges of the ears aligning with the tab sides mayadvantageously be provided with any suitable complementary means toenable abutting elements to interengage. A suitable means is typified bya. projection Ill formed on ear 6 complemental to a recess ll formed onthe other ear 5, said projection and recess being adapted to interfitwhen the surfacing elements are laid in courses in abutting relation,thus form-- ing a tightly fitting butted joint between adj acentelements as applied to the foundation or deck. One side edge ofprojection I0 is preferably flush with side edge [2 of ear 6.

To provide a starting course a desired number of elements to make up thestarting course may be out along the dotted line l3, aS shown in Fig. 2,and have the upper pieces applied as thestarting course M as shown inFig. l. The lower piece may be inserted to fill the spaces betweenadjacent elements of the starter course or may be otherwise disposed of.Alternatively a continuous starter strip of uniform width of similarsheet roofing may be applied. A second course is then applied with thetab ends 9 laid flush with the lower edge of the starting course, and

the side 8 of the ear 6 is laid flush with the tab end 9' of theelements in the starting course.

- Subsequent courses are applied with the weather tab ends 9' flush withthe tops of the weatherexposed spaces between adjacent elements, whichtops of the spaces are formed by the lower edge 8' of the ears 6 on theelements of the underlying course.

' Weather surfacing elements of this construction provide a roofingcovering which presents an attractive hexagonal pattern and is of suchdi mensions as to provide surficient side and head laps in theoverlapping courses. The elements are adapted to be readily aligned inhorizontal courses without any other marking than that provided by theoutlines of the elements themselves; Also secure anchorage of theexposed tabs to prevent'lifting in the wind is obtained withoutretroverting any part of the elements or'having any locking clipssecured thereto "prior to the application of the locking fastener whenthe elements are laid on the surface to-be covered.

While the invention is not limited to any specific proportions of theroofing elements, it has been found suitable to have them constructed sothat there will be preferably a 2 side lap and 3 vertical or head lap.To effect this the elements are made of such dimensioned proportionsthat the tab ends are approximately 3 /2" wide and the horizontal edgesof the ears are of the same dimension as the tab ends in order tocoincide with the tab ends of overlyingelements in the overlying course.It will be seen from the disclosure that a roofing is provided whichgives a maximum amount of coverage with a minimum amount or area ofroofing material and yet provides sufiicient head and side lap in thevarious courses for adequate resistance to driving rain. Two layers ofroofing material are provided in the entire side lap area of theelements. This type of roofing is particularly adapted for resurfacingover old weather layers which are no longer water-tight.

The elements are nailed in place by any number of nails l5, one beingpreferably provided in each ear 5 and 6. These two nails also secure tothe deck the non-weather exposed tab of the im-" mediately underlyingshingle. Thus each single is secured to the deck by at least four nails,although only two nails per element-may be used. Additional nailingmeans l6 may, if desired, be projected through the elements along theupper edge of the non-exposed tabs at IT. While the tab 'ends have beenshown to be substantially of lesser dimension than the tab sides, itwill be understood that the tab ends may be of greater or equal width,thus permitting variation in the shape of the hexagonal patternpresented by the roof covering as applied. The advantag of having tabends of considerably less dimension than the tab sides is that they eachmay be locked down more eifectively by a single fastening device ratherthan requiring two or more. The above dimension of 3%" for the tab endis regarded as preferable, inasmuch as it is of a critical dimension tobe adequately secured with the locking means and it also presents apleasing hexagonal pattern in the roof covering.

One of the tab portions of each shingle is provided with a slot l8vertically extended from the bottom edge of the tab. The side ear 6 ofan underlying shingle is projected through the slot it of an overlyingshingle and overlies a portion IQ of the tab. The slot may be verticallydisposed medially of the tab or to one side of the medial line,depending upon the extent of the portion of the side ear which it isdesired to have to the projection concerned. The complementalinterengaging portions on the ears of the shingles are transposed inorder that the ear having the'recess ll may serve to form the lock downprojection. This recess on the left hand long side is complemental ID onthe opposite long side. Below the recess the ear is cut away at 22,thereby forming between the cut away part and the recess a narrowprojection 23. A slot or aperture 24 is formed in the tab to be ofsufiicient width to receive the projection 23. By omitting the cut away22, the projection would be wider and the slot 24 would have to becorrespondingly wider to receive the projection. It would then extenddown to the tab edge as in Fig. 2.

While preferred embodiments have been described in detail, it will beunderstood that there projected through the slot. Only a small portion 4of the projection is required to hold down the tab, and thus the slot ispreferably such that no more than a small portion of the side projectionof the underlying shingle is exposed.

The embodiment in Figs. 4, 5 and 6 does not essentially difier from theembodiment in Fig. 2;

allel to and equal may be variou changes in construction withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention.

We claim: y

1. A roofing element comprising a body having oppositely disposed tabportions, a side extension disposed intermediately of the tabs havingone side edge aligned with the edge of one of the tabs and another edgeparallel to and equal in width with the end of the weather exposed tab,

means on the side extension complementary with means on the oppositeside of the element whereby an adjacently laid element of similarconstruction may be interengaged therewith, and a vertical slot in oneof the tabs for receiving the end of the side extension of a lappedelement for locking down the slotted tab.

2. A Weather covering comprising overlapping courses of roofingelements, each of which comprises a body having oppositely disposed .tabportions, a side extension disposed intermediately of the tabs havingone side edge aligned with the edge of one of .the tabs and another edgeparin Width with the end of the weather exposed tab, means on the sideextension complementary with means on the opposite side of the elementwhereby an adjacently laid element of similar construction may beinterengaged therewith, and a vertical slot in the weather exposed tabthrough which the end of a side extension of a lapped element is adaptedto project.

3. A weather covering comprising overlapping courses of roofingelements, each of which comprises a body having oppositely disposed tabportions, a side extension disposed intermediately of the tabs on eachside of the body, each of said' mentary tongue and recess provided onthe side,

extensions, said elements being arranged in the overlapping courses toprovide a three layer lap construction in which the non-weather exposedtab of one of the elements is one layer, the'interfitting sideextensions of two adjacent elements of the first overlapping course area second layer, and the weather-exposed tab is a third layer, and meansfor securing the uppermost layer to one of the underlayers comprisingone end portion of the lapped element of one layer fitting into verticalslots formed in the roofing elements of the uppermost layer.

4. A weather covering comprising overlapping course of roofing elements,each of which comprises a body having oppositely disposed tab portions,a side extension disposed intermediately of the tabs on each side of thebody, each of said side. extensions having one side thereof aligned withan edge of one of the tabs and another edge parallel to the ends of thetabs, and a complementary tongue and recess provided on the sideextensions, said elements being arranged in the overlapping courses toprovide a thre layer lap construction in which the non-weather exposedtab of one of the elements is one layer, the interfitting sideextensions of two adjacent elements of the first overlapping course area second layer,

nailing means projecting through the side extensions of the roofingelements and concealed beneath the tab of an overlying element, andmeans for securing th uppermost layer to one of the.

under layers, said means comprising a vertical 1 slot in an overlyingelement through which a Side portion of an underlying element is adaptedto project.

5, A roofing element comprising a body having oppositely disposed tabportions with side edges diverging from a butt edge, side extensionsarranged intermediately of the tabs on opposite sides and a slitvertically disposed in the weather exposed tab through which the sideend edge of one of the extensions of an-underlying element of REFERENCESCITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PA'I'ENTS Name Date Hall Dec. 26, 1939 Black Sept. 30,1941 Harshberger Jan. 4, 1927 Number Harshberger Mar. 24, 1936 2,194,659

Howie Mar, 26, 1940 Theilacker July 12, 1932

